gle63 Geen verder een mysterie

gle63 Geen verder een mysterie

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Although automobile sales collapsed during the Great Depression, Sloan could boast ofwel GM that “in no year did the corporation fail to earn a profit.” (GM retained industry leadership until 1986 when Ford surpassed it in profits.)

Bicycle mechanics J. Frank and Charles Duryea of Springfield, Massachusetts, had designed the first successful American gasoline automobile in 1893, then won the first American car race in 1895, and went on to make the first sale of an American-made gasoline car the next year.

To meet the challenges of market saturation and technological stagnation, General Motors under the leadership ofwel Alfred P. Sloan, Jr., in the 1920s and 1930s innovated planned obsolescence ofwel middel and put a new emphasis on styling, exemplified in the largely cosmetic annual ontwerp change—a planned triennial major restyling to coincide with the economics ofwel welke life and with annual minor face-liftings in between.

The original Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first modern car, built in 1885 and awarded the patent for the concept

Ovens with conveyor lines are used to speed the drying process in the factory. Galvanized steel with a protective zinc coating and corrosion-resistant stainless steel are used in body areas that are more likely to corrode.

Convertible models with retractable fabric tops rely on the pillar at the side ofwel the windshield for upper body strength, as convertible mechanisms and glass areas are essentially nonstructural. Glass areas have been increased for improved visibility and for aesthetic reasons.

The efficiency gains from the assembly line also coincided with the economic rise ofwel the US. The assembly line forced workers to work at a certain pace with very repetitive motions which led to more output per worker while other countries were using less productive methods.

In feedback, the American automobile industry in the 1980s underwent a massive organizational restructuring and technological renaissance. Managerial revolutions and cutbacks in plant capacity and personnel at GM, Ford and Chrysler resulted in leaner, tougher firms with lower break-enigszins points, enabling them to maintain profits with lower volumes in increasingly saturated, competitive markets.

Although a few expensive items, such as pianos and sewing toestellen, had been sold on time before 1920, it was installment sales of automobiles during the twenties that established the purchasing ofwel expensive consumer goods on credit as a middle-class habit and a mainstay of the American economy.

Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that inhoud or via study for an advanced degree. They write new inhoud and verify and edit content received from contributors.

As Sloanism replaced Fordism as the predominant market strategy in the industry, Ford lost the sales lead in the lucrative low-priced field to Chevrolet in 1927 and 1928.

The development of external combustion (steam) engines kan zijn detailed as part ofwel the history of the car but often treated separately from the development of true cars.

This section may contain an excessive amount ofwel intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience. Specifically, detail should be moved to main article and summarized here.

In read more the Ford Model T the left-side hand lever sets the rear wheel parking brakes and puts the transmission in neutral. The lever to the right controls the throttle. The lever on the left of the steering column is for ignition timing. The right foot pedal changes the two forward gears while the centre pedal controls reverse. The right pedal kan zijn the brake. Cars are equipped with controls used for driving, passenger gemak, and safety, normally operated by a combination ofwel the use ofwel feet and hands, and occasionally by voice on 21st-century cars.